Topic: Policy catalysis + three-electric technology（ev motor ,ev contrller ,ev battery）, the electrification of construction machinery is a foregone conclusion!
Topic: Policy catalysis + three-electric technology（ev motor ,ev contrller ,ev battery）, the electrification of construction machinery is a foregone conclusion!
Preface:
In recent years, as environmental issues have gradually become the focus of global attention, energy conservation and emission reduction, and moving towards "green" have increasingly become the general consensus of all walks of life! For passenger cars, in the past ten years, the annual sales of electric vehicles have soared, in April 2024, the wholesale and retail penetration rate of electric vehicles has exceeded 50%, for construction machinery, although the penetration rate of electrification is currently low, but the strong growth momentum has emerged, referring to the electrification process of passenger cars, construction machinery can be called a subversive change or is about to open!
The demand for electrification of mainstream construction machinery such as excavators is expected to grow rapidly in 2024-2025, and the demand for renewal and replacement is expected to support the demand of the domestic construction machinery industry. At the same time, the rapid development of electrification is expected to highlight the product competitive advantages of domestic OEMs, and contribute to the global development of OEMs.
Future Trends:
Electrification is expected to promote the strengthening of China's construction machinery products, and technological breakthroughs have become a key part of the global layout. China has the world's most complete and leading electrification industry chain, and electrification may become a key variable in the globalization process of construction machinery OEMs. Since 2023, with the breakthrough of electrification technology and the decline in battery prices, the payback cycle of electrified construction machinery has been greatly shortened, and the industrialization process has ushered in a great breakthrough.
Breakthroughs in electrification are expected to bring breakthrough opportunities in overseas markets::
①Electrification will become the exclusive label of domestic brands: the construction machinery industry has certain consumer product attributes, especially the European and American markets have a certain brand stickiness to the brand, the Chinese market has the world's most complete and leading electrification industry chain, and China's electrified construction machinery has scarcity in the global market.
②Electrification is the key to breaking the situation in after-market services: the large-scale promotion of electrified products will greatly increase the difficulty of after-sales and maintenance of construction machinery, and Chinese brands are expected to become one of the very few entities that can provide complete electrification after-sales maintenance solutions, greatly reducing the difficulty of aftermarket construction.
③Battery technology leads the world + significant cost advantage: China's electrified construction machinery takes the lead. China's power battery industry is developing rapidly, with the global installed power battery capacity of 706GWh and China's power battery installed capacity of 386GWh in 2023, becoming the main growth pole of power batteries in the world. At the same time of rapid growth, battery products continue to rapidly select and reduce costs, which has become a key part of the cost reduction of electrified construction machinery products. Taking electric excavators as an example, batteries account for about 40% of the total cost of electric excavation, and battery cost reduction has a significant impact on reducing the initial investment cost of downstream enterprises and shortening the return cycle of electrified products: economy is an important factor in the promotion of electrified construction machinery, so the vigorous development of China's battery industry is directly conducive to the development of electrified construction machinery.
④The penetration rate of electrification in major categories has increased rapidly: it is expected that the penetration rate of electrification will be the first to peak, and the development speed of domestic electrified construction machinery will lead the world. In the future, with the continuous advancement of electrification, China will become the first in the world to achieve electrification in various categories.
Core Technology:
Modular design, motor direct drive, fast response; Maintenance-free design of power battery pack; Distributed learning algorithm to realize intelligent management of battery packs; Integrated module design greatly reduces the difficulty of installation and maintenance; In addition to electrical parameter protection and thermal protection, smoke protection and triple safety protection are also provided; Set up sufficient structural heat dissipation space and diversion groove to ensure the stability of the system cell; Comply with IEC and GB multiple standards and specifications; Proprietary high-voltage interlock design to ensure full safety of the system; IP67 or above environmental protection level; Standard CAN control protocol for easy communication connection. DC permanent magnet motor, up to 96% efficiency; Dynamic load matching to ensure efficiency and stability; PCT self-heating system, suitable for -30°C cold weather; Perfect power-on self-test system to ensure the reliability of the whole vehicle; Dual-gun charging interface design, the fastest 1 hour full charge; AC/DC, DC/AC are all designed with high efficiency, 90% efficiency; Equipped with GPRS data remote
transmission module, all working conditions are clear at a glance.
Design Principles:
The pure electric drive actuator is introduced, and the hydraulic pump valve design is completely abandoned. The use of pure electric drive structures such as electric cylinders and electronic controllers to completely replace hydraulic pressure, pump valves and other drive actuators, to achieve industrial-grade control accuracy, high transmission efficiency, system closed-loop control, and intelligent industrial integration of distributed electronic control is the key layout of the pure electric drive solution. Looking back at the "three steps" of electrification development, the core logic of electrification lies in reducing energy consumption and cost, and the distributed layout is the master control layout with the lowest theoretical energy consumption. In the past, the electric motors and internal combustion engines of construction machinery were almost all fixed pumps and fixed output power, and the distributed layout did not appear in the traditional hydraulic layout. In the future into the era of electrification, the popularization of electric motors, variable pumps and high-speed pumps will make it possible to distribute the layout, and this "one-to-one" layout will maximize the transmission efficiency of the whole machine.
Advantages of switching from mechanical oil to electricity：
1. Energy conservation and emission reduction: In line with the national dual carbon strategy, it truly achieves energy conservation and emission reduction. Traditional fuel machinery will produce a large number of exhaust emissions during use, causing pollution to the environment. After the oil is converted to electricity, mechanical engineering will use electric energy instead of fuel, which will greatly reduce tail gas emissions, which is conducive to environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction. Reduce occupational health risks
2. By changing the traditional fuel power to electric drive: the sound of vehicle operation is greatly reduced, which reduces the harm to the operator's hearing health. The electrically driven vehicle does not produce exhaust gas during operation, thus avoiding the harm of harmful substances in the exhaust gas to the respiratory system of the explorer. The lower noise environment and clean air quality help to improve the working environment of operators, further reduce the occurrence of occupational diseases and reduce costs，Fuel prices are volatile and rising, and fuel-powered mechanical engineering is faced with rising energy costs. After the conversion of oil to electricity, mechanical engineering can fix electricity prices, reduce energy costs, and improve economic benefits. The motor and battery basically do not need maintenance during the life cycle, which greatly extends the service life of the excavator and reduces the maintenance cost
3. Intelligent development: After the oil is converted to electricity, mechanical engineering can use the intelligent technology of the power system to realize remote monitoring, intelligent control and other functions, so as to facilitate the management and maintenance of machinery.
The advantages of mechanical engineering oil to electricity are very obvious, which can bring environmental protection, energy saving, cost reduction, high efficiency and other benefits, which is an important trend in the future development of mechanical engineering.
Future Challenges:
Future electrification technology breakthroughs rely on the maturity of silicon carbide technology: the technical bottleneck of electric construction machinery is mainly concentrated in the power output & endurance of medium and large equipment. For medium and large construction machinery, in order to meet the long-term high-load conditions & short charging time, it is necessary to ensure a stable high-power output input capacity. Under the medium and low voltage platform (generally less than 650V) supported by the original power device IGBT, the high power requires higher current, the IR of circuit loss is doubled, and the current thermal effect significantly increases the heat dissipation pressure of the power device, which seriously affects the battery life. SiC power devices can provide stable output at high voltage (above 1000V), low on-resistance, low current and stable performance at high temperatures, so that the power loss of SiC power devices is reduced by more than 50% compared with IGBT, and the battery life of the whole machine can be effectively improved by 5%-10%. To sum up, with the maturity of the domestic silicon carbide industry and the continuous improvement of cost and yield, silicon carbide will be the only choice for the electrification of construction machinery.。
Summary:
The market pattern of electrified construction machinery is expected to continue, and the product layout is endless, and the traditional construction machinery OEMs have laid out the field of construction machinery, and the subdivisions suitable for application scenarios such as closed and fixed working environments have taken the lead in electrification. The world's leading construction machinery companies have been deeply deployed in electrification equipment, PUMBBA technology self-research and development is also in depth with domestic and foreign manufacturers to develop, and continue to launch a variety of types of electrified construction machinery products.